Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je slo\u017eit\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed tak slo\u017eit\u00fd, jak se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pracuje \u2013 od zapnut\u00ed a\u017e po to, jak zobrazuje text nebo spou\u0161t\u00ed hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u010d zapnete, za\u010dne tzv. startovac\u00ed proces (bootov\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/strong>. Nejd\u0159\u00edv se aktivuje speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dip zvan\u00fd BIOS<\/strong> nebo UEFI<\/strong>, kter\u00fd zkontroluje, jestli v\u0161echny d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de funguj\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad pam\u011b\u0165, pevn\u00fd disk nebo grafick\u00e1 karta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u00e9 se na\u010dte opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/strong> (nap\u0159. Windows, Linux nebo macOS), kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eivateli po\u010d\u00edta\u010d ovl\u00e1dat a spou\u0161t\u011bt programy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pracuje s daty v podob\u011b bin\u00e1rn\u00edho k\u00f3du<\/strong> \u2013 tedy jedni\u010dek a nul. V\u0161e, co vid\u00ed\u0161 na obrazovce \u2013 text, obr\u00e1zky, zvuky, videa \u2013 je ve skute\u010dnosti jen dlouh\u00e1 \u0159ada jedni\u010dek a nul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hlavn\u00edmi \u201ehr\u00e1\u010di\u201c p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n K tomu slou\u017e\u00ed vstupn\u00ed<\/strong> a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tyto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bku s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem pracovat a naopak \u2013 po\u010d\u00edta\u010di reagovat na vstupy od u\u017eivatele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nap\u0159\u00edklad: kl\u00e1vesnice je hardware, ale textov\u00fd editor (nap\u0159. Word), ve kter\u00e9m p\u00ed\u0161e\u0161, je software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je jako dob\u0159e sehran\u00fd t\u00fdm. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st m\u00e1 svou funkci a spole\u010dn\u011b dok\u00e1\u017eou zpracovat obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dat rychlost\u00ed, kterou si \u010dlov\u011bk ani neum\u00ed p\u0159edstavit. A i kdy\u017e je uvnit\u0159 slo\u017eit\u00fd, principy jeho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed se daj\u00ed pochopit jednodu\u0161e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je slo\u017eit\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed tak slo\u017eit\u00fd, jak se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pracuje \u2013 od zapnut\u00ed a\u017e po to, jak zobrazuje text nebo spou\u0161t\u00ed hry. 1. Co se stane po zapnut\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de? Kdy\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u010d zapnete, za\u010dne tzv. startovac\u00ed proces (bootov\u00e1n\u00ed). Nejd\u0159\u00edv se aktivuje speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dip […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3910,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"tmauthors":[],"class_list":["post-3909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-rady-a-navody"],"amp_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3909"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3909\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3909"},{"taxonomy":"tmauthors","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipocitac.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftmauthors&post=3909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\n\n\n2. Jak po\u010d\u00edta\u010d zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 data?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\n\n\n\n3. Co d\u011blaj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 instrukce a vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdpo\u010dty. Bez n\u011bj by po\u010d\u00edta\u010d nefungoval.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Do\u010dasn\u011b uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 data, kter\u00e1 jsou aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pot\u0159eba. Po vypnut\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de se sma\u017ee.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u0161echna data \u2013 opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, programy, dokumenty, fotky atd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Zaji\u0161\u0165uje zobrazen\u00ed obrazu na monitoru, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro hry a pr\u00e1ci s grafikou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Spojuje v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de dohromady a umo\u017e\u0148uje jim spolu komunikovat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n4. Jak po\u010d\u00edta\u010d komunikuje s u\u017eivatelem?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\n\n\n\n5. Co je software a co hardware?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\n\n\n\nZ\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n